index
to store the last two occurrence indices for every character in the alphabet.res
to store the result, which will be the sum of contributions of all characters.S
, and for each character c
at index i
, update its last two occurrence indices in index
.c
using the formula (i - index[c][1]) * (index[c][1] - index[c][0])
and add it to res
.index
array to add the contributions of characters from their last occurrence to the end of the string.res
.