left and right, to the start and end of the array respectively.left is less than right.mid index as the average of left and right.mid is not the last element and nums[mid] is less than nums[mid + 1], move the left pointer to mid + 1 (ascending slope).right pointer to mid (descending slope or peak).left equals right, the search space is narrowed down to one element, which is the peak. Return left.