Design a Real-Time Traffic Monitoring System

Functional Requirements:

• Collect real-time traffic data from various sources (e.g., road sensors, cameras, GPS devices).
• Estimate and display current traffic conditions (e.g., congestion, average speed) for different road segments.
• Provide APIs for querying live traffic data by location or road segment.
• Support basic analytics, such as identifying congested areas and calculating average travel times.
• Allow for periodic updates as new data arrives (e.g., every few seconds or minutes).

Non-Functional Requirements:

• Low latency: Traffic data should be updated and available to users within a few seconds of collection.
• Scalability: The system should handle data from thousands of sensors and support many concurrent API requests.
• High availability: The system should be operational 99.9% of the time.
• Data accuracy: Traffic estimations should be reasonably accurate, with clear indication of data freshness.
• Security: Only authorized sources can submit traffic data; APIs should be protected against unauthorized access.