Design a Voting System

Functional Requirements:

• User Registration: Voters can register with required personal details and credentials.
• Authentication: Voters must log in securely (e.g., password, optional MFA) before voting.
• Voter Eligibility: System checks eligibility (e.g., age, citizenship) before allowing voting.
• Ballot Distribution: Eligible voters receive the correct ballot for their district/election.
• Vote Casting: Voters can cast one vote per election; duplicate voting is prevented.
• Vote Storage: Votes are stored securely and anonymously.
• Vote Tabulation: System counts votes and provides results to authorized users.
• Audit Logging: All critical actions (registration, voting, tabulation) are logged for auditing.
• Admin Functions: Admins can create/manage elections, ballots, and review results.

Non-Functional Requirements:

• Security: Data is encrypted in transit and at rest; system is protected against common attacks (e.g., SQL injection, DDoS).
• Privacy: Voter identity is kept confidential; votes are anonymous.
• Scalability: System supports up to tens of millions of voters and high peak traffic.
• Reliability: High availability during election periods; minimal downtime.
• Performance: Low latency for vote casting and result retrieval, even at peak load.
• Compliance: System adheres to relevant election laws and regulations.
• Usability: User interface is simple and accessible for all voters, including those with disabilities.
• Auditability: System maintains detailed, immutable logs for independent audits.